First_planetary_explorations Space_exploration

venus surface venera 13.

the first manned landing on celestial body performed apollo 11 on 20 july 1969.

the first successful interplanetary flyby 1962 mariner 2 flyby of venus (closest approach 34,773 kilometers). other planets first flown in 1965 mars mariner 4, 1973 jupiter pioneer 10, 1974 mercury mariner 10, 1979 saturn pioneer 11, 1986 uranus voyager 2, 1989 neptune voyager 2. in 2015, dwarf planets ceres , pluto orbited dawn , passed new horizons, respectively.

the first interplanetary surface mission return @ least limited surface data planet 1970 landing of venera 7 on venus returned data earth 23 minutes. in 1975 venera 9 first return images surface of planet. in 1971 mars 3 mission achieved first soft landing on mars returning data 20 seconds. later longer duration surface missions achieved, including on 6 years of mars surface operation viking 1 1975 1982 , on 2 hours of transmission surface of venus venera 13 in 1982, longest ever soviet planetary surface mission.