Induced_pluripotent_stem_cells Embryonic_stem_cell

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the ipsc technology pioneered shinya yamanaka’s lab in kyoto, japan, showed in 2006 introduction of 4 specific genes encoding transcription factors convert adult cells pluripotent stem cells. awarded 2012 nobel prize along sir john gurdon discovery mature cells can reprogrammed become pluripotent.


in 2007 shown pluripotent stem cells highly similar embryonic stem cells can generated delivery of 3 genes (oct4, sox2, , klf4) differentiated cells. delivery of these genes reprograms differentiated cells pluripotent stem cells, allowing generation of pluripotent stem cells without embryo. because ethical concerns regarding embryonic stem cells typically derivation terminated embryos, believed reprogramming these induced pluripotent stem cells (ips cells) may less controversial. both human , mouse cells can reprogrammed methodology, generating both human pluripotent stem cells , mouse pluripotent stem cells without embryo.


this may enable generation of patient specific es cell lines potentially used cell replacement therapies. in addition, allow generation of es cell lines patients variety of genetic diseases , provide invaluable models study diseases.


however, first indication induced pluripotent stem cell (ips) cell technology can in rapid succession lead new cures, used research team headed rudolf jaenisch of whitehead institute biomedical research in cambridge, massachusetts, cure mice of sickle cell anemia, reported science journal s online edition on december 6, 2007.


on january 16, 2008, california-based company, stemagen, announced had created first mature cloned human embryos single skin cells taken adults. these embryos can harvested patient matching embryonic stem cells.








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