Water_resources.2C_water_use_and_infrastructure Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_Burkina_Faso

the nakambe river in burkina faso in february 2009 during dry season

national overview of water resources. water resources scarce in burkina faso. water availability varies between regions , seasons, year year. in south, average rainfall high 1,200mm during six-month wet season, while in north wet season lasts 3 months , rainfall 300mm. rivers in country carry water year around mouhoun river (black volta) , nakambe river (white volta), other rivers carrying water during wet season. building dams has been common way of storing water dry season, though evaporation can reach 2,000 mm/year causing substantial water losses open reservoirs. substantial portion of surface water resources shared neighboring countries. example, nakambe river - main source of supply capital, ouagadougou - , mouhoun river shared ghana. surface water resources vary between 8 billion cubic meters (bcm)/year in average year , 4 bcm in dry year. lower figure corresponds less 300 cubic meters per capita , year, below level of 1,000 cubic meters per capita , year considered threshold “water stress”.

groundwater unevenly distributed , can extracted in areas, in weathered areas above bedrock , fractured zones. there yields limited 10 m3/day per borehole, barely enough supply small village water.

water use. water use in 2000 0.7 bcm or less 10% of surface water resources in average year , less 20% in dry year. 0.1 bcm, or more 1% of total water resources, used domestic water supply. irrigation , livestock watering main water uses.

a satellite picture of ouagadougou showing catchment area of lake ouagadougou supplies more fifth of drinking water supply urbanized

ougadougou water supply infrastructure. more 1.2 million inhabitants capital ougadougou far largest city in burkina faso. supplied surface water 5 reservoirs:

the hill dams ouaga 1, 2 , 3 located within city , forming lake ouagadougou,
the lumbila reservoir (36 million m3 storage) on massili river, 10 km away , completed in 1947, and
the ziga reservoir (200 million m3 storage) 50 km away , started providing water capital in 2004, supplying 70% of needs in 2008.

the catchment area of hill dams today built settlements have inadequate sanitation systems. furthermore, rubbish washed reservoirs during rainy season. furthermore, on years, hill dam reservoirs , lumbila reservoir have been gradually filled mud , sediment. water hill dams , lumbila reservoir treated in paspanga water treatment plant, supplied 20-25% of water needs of city in 2008. groundwater provides 5-10% of water needs of city.

ouagadougou sanitation infrastructure. of population of ouagadougou uses latrines. 5% use septic tanks , smaller proportion connected 43 km-sewer network completed in 2006 in city center , serves commercial, industrial , institutional clients. network discharges 20-ha stabilization pond in kossodo industrial area, treats sludge septic tanks brought in tankers.