Diagnostic_methods Veterinary_parasitology

1 diagnostic methods

1.1 coprological
1.2 haematological
1.3 histopathological
1.4 immunological
1.5 molecular biological

diagnostic methods

various methods used 2 identify parasites in animals, using feces, blood, , tissue samples host animal.

coprological

coprological examinations involve examining feces of animals identify , count parasite eggs. common methods include fecal flotation , sedimentation separate eggs fecal matter. others include mcmaster method, uses special two-chamber slide allows parasite eggs more visible , counted. commonly used monitor parasites in horses , other grazing , livestock animals. baermann method similar requires more specialized equipment , more time , typically used diagnose lungworm , threadworm.

haematological

haematological examinations involve examining blood of animals determine presence of parasites. blood parasites tend inhabit erythrocytes or white blood cells , detected during acute phase of infection. veterinary parasitologists use blood smears, involve placing drop of blood onto slide , spreading on surface in thin film in order examine under microscope. blood stained dye in order cells distinguished.

histopathological

histopathological examinations involve examining tissue samples animals. small slice of organ suspected of being infected parasites mounted on slide, stained, , examined under microscope.

though not technically considered histopathological technique, skin scraping – involves taking small sample of epidermal cells of dog, cat, or other household pet – commonly used detect presence of mites.

immunological

immunological examinations, such indirect immunofluorescence, elisa, immunoblotting (western blot), , complement fixation test methods of identifying different kinds of parasites detecting presence of antigens on or within parasite itself. these diagnostic methods used in conjunction coprological examinations more specific identification of different parasite species in fecal samples.

molecular biological

molecular biological methods involve studying dna of parasite in order identify it. pcr , rflp used detect , amplify parasite dna found in feces, blood, or tissue of host. these techniques sensitive, useful diagnosing parasites when present in low numbers; useful identifying parasites not in large animal hosts smaller insect vectors.